文献综述
文 献 综 述摘要:酯化反应是重要的有机化学反应,是生物柴油预处理中的重要一环。
传统上通常采用液体强酸做催化剂,容易造成环境污染,且易腐蚀设备,难以分离。
固体酸催化剂是一种高效、环保的新型催化剂,受到了科学家的广泛关注。
与传统的酸性催化剂相比,固体酸催化剂显示出很多优势,如催化剂可重复使用、在反应体系中易于分离、无毒无腐蚀等。
用其代替传统的液体强酸催化酯化反应以制备生物柴油更符合当下的可持续发展理念。
本文主要介绍了几种催化剂及对油酸酯化反应工艺的研究。
关键词:催化;油酸酯化;固体酸催化剂Abstract: Lipidation reaction is an important organic chemical reaction and is an important link in biodiesel pretreatment.Traditionally, liquid strong acid is usually used as a catalyst, easy to cause environmental pollution, and easy to corrosion of equipment, difficult to separate.Solid acid catalyst is a new type of efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst, which has attracted wide attention from scientists.Solid acid catalysts over traditional acid catalysts show many advantages, such as reusable catalysts, easy separation in the reaction system, non-toxic and no corrosion, etc.Instead of the conventional liquid strong acid-catalyzed esterification reaction to prepare biodiesel is more in line with the current sustainable development concept.This paper introduces the preparation of several solid-acid catalyst and the oleic esterification process.Keywords: catalyst; metal phosphates; solid-acid catalyst1引言传统能源的不可再生性导致的能源紧张问题和其燃烧带来的环境污染问题,促使了世界各国的科学家从资源战略和保护环境的角度出发,积极研发环境友好型的可再生能源。
其中,生物柴油作为一种良好的替代燃料,以其优良的环保性能逐渐受到人们的关注。
与传统石化柴油相比,生物柴油含硫量低、燃烧后二氧化硫及硫化物的排放量低、不含污染环境的芳香族烷烃,具有良好的低温启动性、闪点高不易爆炸以及十六烷值高燃烧性能好等优点[1.2]。
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