蟾皮水提物中抗肿瘤活性成分的研究文献综述

蟾皮水提物中抗肿瘤活性的研究摘 要：蟾皮又称蛤蚆皮、癞蟆皮，是蟾蜍科(Bufonidae)动物中华大蟾蜍（Bufobufo gargarizans Cantor）或黑眶蟾蜍（B.melanostictus Schneider）的干燥表皮，具有清热解毒、利水消胀的功效，用于治疗痈疽、肿毒、瘰疬、肿瘤、疳积腹胀、慢性气管炎等。

现代药理学研究表明，蟾皮中存在多种抗肿瘤活性的水溶性化学成分，其制剂华蟾素注射液临床上用于治疗消化道中晚期癌症和乙型肝炎，疗效确切。

本文将对蟾皮中存在的水溶性化学成分及抗肿瘤活性研究进行综述，为蟾皮的开发应用提供科学依据。

关 键 词：蟾皮，提取分离，化学成分，抗肿瘤活性Abstract: Toad skin is also called dry toad skin.Toad skin usually comes from Bufonidae(Bufonidae) animal the big toad (Bufo Bufo gargarizans Cantor) or black orbit toad (B. melanostictus Schneider) dry skin .In the modern medicine research,There are many effective water-soluble chemical composition in toad skin,for treating tumr and cancer with significant effect. Its water-soluble ingredient, the preparation ofhuabutobin injection is used in the middle and advanced stage of digestive tractcancer hepatitis b and the curative. In this paper, the water soluble chemical composition and anti-tumor activity of toad skin are reviewed, which provides scientific basisfor the development and application of toad skin. Keyword: Toad skin, extraction and isolation, chemical compounds, Anti-tumor activity1. 蟾皮与蟾酥化学成分、药理活性比较蟾蜍科有13属约300种,除蟾蜍属外,主要分布于东南亚,少数分布于非洲、南美,我国产2属12种及亚种。

蟾蜍属动物有多250种,分布于世界各地。

我国有近10种,主要分布的3种分别是大蟾蜍华西亚种、大蟾蜍中华亚种,以及黑眶蟾蜍[1]。

蟾皮又称蛤蚆皮、癞蟆皮，是蟾蜍科(Bufonidae)动物中华大蟾蜍（Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor）或黑眶蟾蜍（Bufo melanostictus Schneider）的干燥表皮[2]，该药材原动物始载于《神农本草经》[3]，干蟾皮最早记载于《本经逢原》，是蟾蜍去蟾酥、内脏后晒干之物，经方入药[4]，具有清热解毒、利水消胀的功效，用于治疗痈疽、肿毒、瘰疬、肿瘤、疳积腹胀、慢性气管炎等。

干蟾皮的药用价值许多古文献也多有记载，①《纲目拾遗》:贴大毒，能拔毒。

收毒。