药物对急性肺损伤肺泡II型上皮细胞保护作用的研究进展
【摘要】急性肺损伤（acute lung injury , ALI）是由各种肺内外致病因素所导致的急性进行性缺氧呼吸衰竭。至今为止，虽然ALI的发病机制和治疗方法的研究都取得了一定的进展，但它的死亡率仍然很高。Rubenfeld GD [1]等发现ALI的死亡率大约是38.5%（34.9%～42.2%）。肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞（AT-Ⅱ）是肺泡壁的重要组成部分，在ALI的发生、发展过程中起着重要的作用。AT-Ⅱ可通过分泌炎症介质和促凝、抗凝因子参与 ALI 时全身炎症反应综合征和凝血反应失衡的形成。AT-Ⅱ上Na-K-ATP酶活性以及数量的下调可以加重ALI时的肺水肿[2]。肺组织内的AT-Ⅱ以及间质细胞参与了肺损伤后的修复和纤维化的形成。而且AT-Ⅱ还具有免疫调节功能，参与肺组织内的防御反应[3-4]。所以在治疗急性肺损伤时，对保护肺泡二型上皮细胞显得尤为重要。本文对在ALI时，对AT-Ⅱ起保护作用的药物研究进展做一综述。
关键词： 急性肺损伤 ；AT-II ；保护作用
The research progress of the drugs protective effect of AT-II for ALI.
Abstract: Acute lung injury (acute lung injury, ALI) is an acute progressive hypoxic respiratory failure caused by a variety of pathogenic factors both inside and outside the lung. Up to now , although the development methods of pathogenesis and treatment for ALI have made some progress, the mortality is still high. It is reported by Rubenfeld GD[1] et al. that the mortality rate of ALI was about 38.5% (34.9%~42.2%). The alveolar type II epithelial cells (AT-II) is an important part of the alveolar wall, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ALI. AT-II may be involved in the formation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome by secreting inflammatory mediators and the regulation of coagulation response by generating procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. the down regulation of the activity and quantities of Na-K-ATP enzyme of AT-II cells can aggravate pulmonary edema at ALI[2]. It participates in the repair of lung injury and fibrosis that AT-II and interstitial cells. Moreover, AT-II also can be involved in immune regulation and defense response of lung tissue [3-4]. Therefore, it is very important to research and protect the alveolar type II cells in the therapy of ALI. In this paper, the author reviews the research progress of the protective effect of AT-II for ALI.
Key words: Acute lung injury; AT-II; Protective effect
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