LU201702对OVA诱发豚鼠慢性支气管哮喘模型的研究文献综述

支气管哮喘的病因病机及其药物治疗进展

摘 要:支气管哮喘是一种严重的呼吸道疾病，同时也是一种免疫功能异常的变态反应性疾病，是一个世界性的问题，其不但发病率高，而且病程长且发作反复，已经成为了一个严重的公共卫生问题。该病目前尚无彻底根治之法，但可以利用药物缓解，若治疗不及时或不恰当，极有可能危及患者生命，严重影响其身心健康，同时也给家庭和社会带来巨大的经济负担。可见深入研究本病的病因、机制以及治疗对防治本病具有非常重要的意义。因此，本文现对支气管哮喘的发病机制以及临床药物治疗进展等方面进行研究探讨，旨在提高支气管哮喘的临床防治水平，为其治疗提供理论依据。

关键词:支气管哮喘；病因病机；药物治疗

Abstract: Bronchial asthma is a serious respiratory disease, and allergic disease which is an immune dysfunction. It is a worldwide problem, which not only has a high incidence rate, and the long course and recurrent. So bronchial asthma has been a serious public health problem. There is no complete cure, but can use drugs to relieve. If treatment is not timely or inappropriate, it is likely to endanger the lives of patients, and seriously affect their physical and mental health. Meanwhile it will also bring huge economic burden to family and society. So it is very important to study the etiology, mechanism and treatment of this disease. Therefore, this article is to study the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and the progress of clinical drug treatment, in order to improve the level of clinical prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma, and provide theoretical basis for its treatment.

Key Words: Bronchial asthma; Etiology and pathogenesis; Drug therapy

支气管哮喘(bronchial asthma)(简称哮喘)，是一种由多种细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞和T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组分参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病^[1]，属于临床常见的慢性多发病疑难病。哮喘病的发病率和死亡率在世界范围内一直是增高趋势，故支气管哮喘发病机制及防治的研究一直是国内外医学专家研究的热点之一^[2]。

1.支气管哮喘的病因

1.1　遗传因素