定陶新河人工湿地净化工程设计文献综述

文献综述

文 献 综 述摘要：人工湿地是指人为地模拟自然湿地的结构和功能，将污水处理厂处理排放水或微污染水投配到人工构造的生态系统中，该生态系统由土壤、植物、动物和微生物等组成，它们通过物理、化学和生物协同等作用使水质得以改善，能够实现水质净化和生态水环境质量提升的效果。

近年来定陶新河流经定陶县城区，这里人口居住密度大，工业以及农业和副业相对发达，是定陶新河的主要污染源。

定陶县城市污水处理厂及沿线企业处理后的外排废水及部分生活污水均排入定陶新河，造成了定陶新河的严重污染。

为解决定陶河污染问题和发展问题，构建一个能推动文化旅游资源发展且具有一定水质净化能力的生态旅游景点，为此在定陶新河处进行人工湿地水质净化工程设计，要求定陶新河人工湿地水质净化工程出水执行《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅲ类标准。

关键词：人工湿地、 填料 、水生植物 、生物多样性Abstract: Constructed wetland refers to artificially simulating the structure and function of natural wetlands, and the sewage treatment plant treats discharged water or micro-polluting water into the artificially constructed ecosystem, which is composed of soil, plants, animals and microorganisms, etc., which improve the water quality through physical, chemical and biological synergy, and can achieve the effect of water purification and ecological water environment quality improvement. In recent years, the Dingtao New River has passed through the urban area of Dingtao County, where the population density is large, and the industry, agriculture and sideline industries are relatively developed, which is the main source of pollution of the Dingtao New River. The outgoing wastewater and part of the domestic sewage treated by the Dingtao county urban sewage treatment plant and the enterprises along the line are discharged into the Dingtao New River, causing serious pollution of the Dingtao New River. In order to solve the pollution and development problems of the Dingtao River and build an ecological tourist attraction that can promote the development of cultural tourism resources and have a certain water purification capacity, the design of the artificial wetland water purification project at the Dingtao New River requires the water purification project of the Dingtao New River artificial wetland to implement the 'Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard' (GB3838-2002) Class III standard.Key words: constructed wetlands、 filler aquatic 、plants、 biodiversity1. 引言：人工湿地是指人为地将低污染水投配到人为构造的生态系统中，系统由填料（含土壤）、水生植物（挺水、沉水、浮水植物）、动物和微生物等组成，并通过上述各种生物的相互作用使水质得以改善的工程，从而实现水质净化功能提升和生态提质。

以往成功案例显示人工湿地具有工艺简单，操作管理方便，运行费用低，运行效果良好的特点。

目前在一些人口密度大，经济发展速度快的城市，经过城市污水处理厂处理后的尾水排放和沿线企业处理后的外排废水及部分生活污水就近排入附近河道，造成河道的严重污染。

因此，需对已经处理过的微污水进行水质净化工程设计。

综合考虑在污水处理后的附近河道内建设人工湿地是减少污废水对水环境污染的重要手段。